Search results for "power law"

showing 10 items of 188 documents

Hot electron effects in metallic single electron components

1996

Thermalisation of single electron devices is of considerable current interest because of its fundamental and practical consequences. We present experimental evidence of the effect of electrode volume and its shape on thermal equilibration of small metallic islands for single electron tunnelling. Heat transport between the conduction electrons and the lattice in a metal is commonly accepted to obey the ∝Te5-T0/5 law at low electron and lattice temperatures,Te andT0, respectively. We have investigated the power law and found that it obeys the ∝T5 law only for the smallest islands, and in the majority of the cases considered, it rather follows a law ∝Tp, wherep<5. The thermal coupling can be i…

Coupling constantMetalThermalisationMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsvisual_artLattice (order)Electrodevisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronThermal conductionPower lawCzechoslovak Journal of Physics
researchProduct

Carrier transport mechanism in the SnO(2):F/p-type a-Si:H heterojunction

2011

We characterize SnO(2):F/p-type a-Si:H/Mo structures by current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements at different temperatures to determine the transport mechanism in the SnO2:F/p-type a-Si:H heterojunction. The experimental I-V curves of these structures, almost symmetric around the origin, are ohmic for vertical bar V vertical bar< 0:1 V and have a super-linear behavior (power law) for vertical bar V vertical bar < 0:1 V. The structure can be modeled as two diodes back to back connected so that the main current transport mechanisms are due to the reverse current of the diodes. To explain the measured C-V curves, the capacitance of the heterostructure is modeled as the …

Materials scienceTunnel junctionAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyHeterojunctionSeries and parallel circuitsOhmic contactMolecular physicsPower lawCapacitancefluorinated tin oxide amorphous silicon tunnel-junction C-V profiling modeling.Quantum tunnellingDiode
researchProduct

The Two‐Component X‐Ray Broadband Spectrum of X Persei Observed byBeppoSAX

1998

We report temporal and broadband (0.1-200 keV) spectral analysis of the Be/X-ray binary X Persei observed by the Narrow Field Instruments (NFI) on board the BeppoSAX satellite. The source luminosity is ~1.2 × 1034 ergs s-1 in the energy range 0.1-10 keV and ~2.4 × 1034 ergs s-1 in the range 0.1-200 keV. The source shows pulsations from 0.1 keV up to 80 keV. No variations of the pulse profile with energy are visible. The barycentric pulse period is 837.376 ± 0.026 s, in agreement with the secular spin-down observed since 1978. The 0.1-10 keV energy spectrum can be well fitted by a power law plus high-energy cutoff, in agreement with previous observations, although at higher energies a hard e…

PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Accretion (meteorology)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCyclotronBremsstrahlungAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsRadiationPower lawLuminositylaw.inventionMagnetic fieldSpace and Planetary SciencelawThe Astrophysical Journal
researchProduct

Analytic solutions of the diffusion-deposition equation for fluids heavir than atmospheric air

2008

A steady-state bi-dimensional turbulent diffusion equation was studied to find the concentration distribution of a pollutant near the ground. We have considered the air pollutant emitted from an elevated point source in the lower atmosphere in adiabatic conditions. The wind velocity and diffusion coefficient are given by power laws. We have found analytical solutions using or the Lie Group Analysis or the Method of Separation of Variables. The classical diffusion equation has been modified introducing the falling term with non-zero deposition velocity. Analytical solutions are essential to test numerical models for the great difficulty in validating with experiments.

Mathematical optimizationMaterials scienceTurbulent diffusionDiffusion equationDeposition (aerosol physics)Analytic solutions Diffusion-deposition equationSeparation of variablesMechanicsDiffusion (business)Adiabatic processPower lawSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaWind speed
researchProduct

Anomalous Spreading of Power-Law Quantum Wave Packets

1999

We introduce power-law tail quantum wave packets. We show that they can be seen as eigenfunctions of a Hamiltonian with a physical potential. We prove that the free evolution of these packets presents an asymptotic decay of the maximum of the wave packets which is anomalous for an interval of the characterizing power-law exponent. We also prove that the number of finite moments of the wave packets is a conserved quantity during the evolution of the wave packet in the free space.

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Network packetWave packetFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyEigenfunctionPower lawConserved quantityComputer Science::Performancesymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsComputer Science::Networking and Internet ArchitecturesymbolsExponentQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)QuantumCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysical Review Letters
researchProduct

Exponential Relaxation out of Nonequilibrium

1989

Simulation results are presented for a quench from a disordered state to a state below the coexistence curve. The model which we consider is the Ising model but with the dynamics governed by the Swendsen-Wang transition probabilities. We show that the resulting domain growth has an exponential instead of a power law behaviour and that the system is non-self-averaging while in nonequilibrium. The simulations were carried out on a parallel computer with up to 128 processors.

BinodalPhysicsCondensed Matter::Statistical MechanicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyRelaxation (physics)Non-equilibrium thermodynamicsIsing modelStatistical physicsState (functional analysis)Power lawDomain (mathematical analysis)Exponential functionEurophysics Letters (EPL)
researchProduct

Irreversible Multilayer Adsorption

1993

Random sequential adsorption (RSA) models have been studied due to their relevance to deposition processes on surfaces. The depositing particles are represented by hard-core extended objects; they are not allowed to overlap. Numerical Monte Carlo studies and analytical considerations are reported for 1D and 2D models of multilayer adsorption processes. Deposition without screening is investigated, in certain models the density may actually increase away from the substrate. Analytical studies of the late stage coverage behavior show the crossover from exponential time dependence for the lattice case to the power law behavior in the continuum deposition. 2D lattice and continuum simulations r…

Materials scienceAdsorptionRandom sequential adsorptionCondensed matter physicsLattice (order)CrossoverLate stageMonte carlo studiesPower lawExponential function
researchProduct

Measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with IceTop-73

2013

Physical review / D 88(4), 042004 (2013). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.88.042004

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomyCosmic rayddc:500.2Astrophysics53001 natural sciencesPower lawICECUBEIceCubeIceCube Neutrino ObservatoryAir showerPhysics and AstronomyObservatory0103 physical sciencesEnergy spectrumARRAYddc:530Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena010306 general physicsphysics
researchProduct

Changes in power curve shapes as an indicator of fatigue during dynamic contractions.

2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze exercise-induced leg fatigue during a dynamic fatiguing task by examining the shapes of power vs. time curves through the combined use of several statistical methods: B-spline smoothing, functional principal components and (supervised and unsupervised) classification. In addition, granulometric size distributions were also computed to allow for comparison of curves coming from different subjects. Twelve physically active men participated in one acute heavy-resistance exercise protocol which consisted of five sets of 10 repetition maximum leg press with 120 s of rest between sets. To obtain a smooth and accurate representation of the data, a basis of …

AdultMaleMultivariate statisticsBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsKinematicsPower lawModels BiologicalStatisticsHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineComputer SimulationMuscle SkeletalMathematicsLegbusiness.industryRehabilitationFunctional data analysisContrast (statistics)Pattern recognitionPrincipal component analysisMuscle FatiguePhysical EnduranceArtificial intelligencebusinessSmoothingCurse of dimensionalityMuscle ContractionJournal of biomechanics
researchProduct

Hard-Core Thinnings of Germ‒Grain Models with Power-Law Grain Sizes

2013

Random sets with long-range dependence can be generated using a Boolean model with power-law grain sizes. We study thinnings of such Boolean models which have the hard-core property that no grains overlap in the resulting germ‒grain model. A fundamental question is whether long-range dependence is preserved under such thinnings. To answer this question, we study four natural thinnings of a Poisson germ‒grain model where the grains are spheres with a regularly varying size distribution. We show that a thinning which favors large grains preserves the slow correlation decay of the original model, whereas a thinning which favors small grains does not. Our most interesting finding concerns the c…

Statistics and ProbabilityRegular variationDisjoint sets02 engineering and technologyPoisson distribution60D05 60G55Power law01 natural sciencesmarked Poisson processsymbols.namesake010104 statistics & probabilityFOS: Mathematics0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringgerm‒grain modelGermStatistical physics60D050101 mathematicsMathematicsta115ta114ThinningBoolean modelApplied MathematicsProbability (math.PR)ta111Boolean model020206 networking & telecommunicationsHard sphereshard-core modelsymbolsSPHERES60G55hard-sphere modelMathematics - ProbabilityAdvances in Applied Probability
researchProduct